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Compositional Techniques of the Classical European School of Painting: Vignetting

Abstract

The article attempts to interpret and describe the use of the circle (sphere) and the related shape of an oval (ovoid) as a widespread basis of composition in classical european visual art. The circle and the oval in the period of antiquity, the Middle ages and the renaissance had a deep symbolic meaning and were regarded as a theological and philosophical visual text. By the 18th-19th centuries the tradition of using these symbols as the basis of a composition had gradually turned into a conventional device of vignetting, allowing one to create whole and harmonious works of art. The article quotes Plato’s Dialogues in regard to the theme of Platonic solids - regular polyhedrons and a sphere conceptualized as the most perfect, most beautiful three-dimensional figure, a symbol of perfection and infinity. Plato also described circular motion as the most perfect. In light of this, it is not accidental that renaissance and Modern Period artists not only preferred compositions based on the shapes of a sphere and an ovoid, but also motions based on spiral-like and serpentine lines related to circular movement. thus, compositions built on the basis of a circle (sphere) and/ or an oval (ovoid) are deeply rooted in theological and philosophical views, based on visual archetypes, reflected in mythology, and duly take into account the psychology of visual perception.

About the Author

Daria Vladimirovna Fomicheva
Sergey Andriaka Academy of Waterсolor and Fine Arts
Russian Federation


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For citations:


Fomicheva D.V. Compositional Techniques of the Classical European School of Painting: Vignetting. Secreta Artis. 2019;(1):16-29. (In Russ.)

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ISSN 2618-7140 (Print)